You are unfortunately in good company. Come check out this thread: Black Screen When Installing 17.12.2 Drivers HD 7870 Win 7
I think your card is also from the Southern Islands era, and your symptoms are identical to what many others have experienced.
There is no fix yet as far as we know.
You can try the classic advice: reboot to safe mode, use DDU to clean drivers, boot back into windows, install new drivers. If that fails, try flashing mobo bios, and making sure onboard video (if you have it) is not being selected by your bios.
I doubt that will fix the issue, as it doesn't seem to fix it for the rest of us. I have tried everything from flashing modified vbioses to running two gpus and seeing what error it throws. The error is just a Thread_stuck_in_driver error, which could mean a failing driver, or failed hardware. At this point, I am concerned that a recent windows/driver conflict has led our cards to either work at unsafe temps and fail, or has somehow allowed either an undervolt/overvolt scenario. I did run a gpu memtest (although this is known to not handle more than 1gb of memory) and got significant errors, meaning something could be happening to our ddr5 chips.
At this point, it just seems like it is a waiting game until we get thrown a bone by either amd or microsoft. The reason I think it may be a hardware failure is that even going back to win 8.1 or 7 does not fix the problem, so something bad is going on.
Come join us at the thread linked above!