The way an algorithm can verify a credit card number or an RSA token or encryption can be 'reverse engineered or solved' for different devices..
The way maths can ADD and DIVIDE/HALVE or SUBTRACT and REMOVE or TAKE AWAY..
We can ROUND UP numbers right? to a more .. even or COMPLETE number..
So lets say some criminal wrecked something like a map of the universe complete in entirety smashed 1/3 of the universe broke it off the map.. supposing we had mapped 2/3 of the universe.. and we cant see the rest of it that map data was lost.. there SHOULD or actually MUST be a way to round up the majority 2/3 of the universe.. to restore the missing 1/3 of the map of the universe and add back what was subtracted or removed.. Now ruling out just taking the light rays or radiation particles that pass through it and looking out in space for them as they escape the scene and tracing their paths back to determine the image at that point in time.. not using actual real radiation light data like an AMD computer or "camera" does.. What is the name for maths that restores the incomplete to make it whole? is it literally just called Rounding up? We do this for say part of a credit card number or serial key or key generator and use the data we have to solve for the rest.. Is there a .. field of science or maths in 'recreation' or restoring or data retrieval and recovery? (you know those hard drive places just put it in the freezer and crack the cover off and use a means of manually imaging the disk platters contents or backing up a small 'drive index/recovery' to recreate the partition from a small size like a clone disk or whatever with a more direct means if its needle/head reader wont work or spin)